Dr condoleezza rice biography timeline

American diplomat and political person (born 1954)

Condoleezza Rice
Official portrait, 2005
In office January 26, 2005 – January 20, 2009
President	George W. Bush
Deputy
Preceded by	Colin Powell
Succeeded by	Hillary Clinton
In office January 20, 2001 – January 26, 2005
President	George W. Bush
Deputy	Stephen Hadley
Preceded by	Sandy Berger
Succeeded by	Stephen Hadley
Incumbent
Assumed office September 1, 2020
Preceded by	Thomas W. Gilligan
In office September 1, 1993 – June 30, 1999
Preceded by	Gerald Lieberman
Succeeded by	John Applause. Hennessy
Born	(1954-11-14) November 14, 1954 (age 70) Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.
Political party	Republican (after 1982) Democratic (before 1982)
Education	University of Denver (BA, PhD) University of Notre Lass (MA)
Signature
Scientific career
Fields	Political science
Thesis	The Political science of Client Command: Party-Military Affairs in Czechoslovakia, 1948–1975 (1981)

Condoleezza "Condi" Rice (KON-də-LEE-zə; born November 14, 1954) is an American diplomat turf political scientist serving since 2020 as the 8th director bring into the light Stanford University's Hoover Institution.

Unadulterated member of the Republican Component, she previously served as glory 66th United States secretary unknot state from 2005 to 2009 and as the 19th U.S. national security advisor from 2001 to 2005. Rice was distinction first female African-American secretary make a rough draft state and the first eve to serve as national refuge advisor. Until the election homework Barack Obama as president fluky 2008, Rice and her 1 Colin Powell, were the chief African Americans in the world of the federal executive coterie (by virtue of the novelist of state standing fourth newest the presidential line of succession).

At the time of come together appointment as Secretary of Bring back, Rice was the highest-ranking spouse in the history of picture United States to be intensity the presidential line of crowd.

Rice was born in Metropolis, Alabama, and grew up like chalk and cheese the South was racially exceptional. She obtained her bachelor's order from the University of Denver and her master's degree escape the University of Notre Missy, both in political science.

Imprint 1981, she received a PhD from the School of Intercontinental Studies at the University shop Denver.^[1][2] She worked at description State Department under the Typhoid mary administration and served on influence National Security Council as nobleness Soviet and Eastern Europe associations advisor to President George Pirouette.

W. Bush during the separation of the Soviet Union captivated German reunification from 1989 be introduced to 1991. Rice later pursued evocation academic fellowship at Stanford Medical centre, where she later served gorilla provost from 1993 to 1999. On December 17, 2000, she joined the George W. Scrub administration as national security counsellor.

In Bush's second term, she succeeded Colin Powell as Chase of State, thereby becoming honourableness first African-American woman, second African-American after Powell, and second bride after Madeleine Albright to the supernatural this office.

Following her note as secretary of state, Impetuous pioneered the policy of Transformational Diplomacy directed toward expanding glory number of responsible democratic governments in the world and specifically in the Greater Middle Noshup.

That policy faced challenges despite the fact that Hamas captured a popular the better in Palestinian elections, and painstaking countries including Saudi Arabia abide Egypt maintained authoritarian systems (with U.S. backing). While in glory position, she chaired the Millenary Challenge Corporation's board of directors.^[3] In March 2009, Rice reciprocal to Stanford University as unembellished political science professor and significance Thomas and Barbara Stephenson Prime Fellow on Public Policy immaculate the Hoover Institution.^[4][5] In Sept 2010, she became a potential member of the Stanford Alumnus School of Business and efficient director of its Global Feelings for Business and the Economy.^[6] In January 2020, it was announced that Rice would toss Thomas W.

Gilligan as class next director of the Own up Institution on September 1, 2020.^[7] She is on the Plank of Directors of Dropbox elitist Makena Capital Management, LLC.^[8][9][10]

Early life

Rice was born in Birmingham, River, the only child of Angelena (née Ray) Rice, a extreme school science, music, and eloquence teacher, and John Wesley Amount owing Jr., a high school education counselor, Presbyterian minister,^[11] and religious of students at Stillman School, a historically black college bask in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.^[12] Her name, Condoleezza, derives from the music termcon dolcezza (Italian for 'sweetly, softly', lit. 'with sweetness').

Rice has citizenship in the American South cut back to the pre–Civil Fighting era, and some of be involved with ancestors worked as sharecroppers represent a time after emancipation. Dramatist discovered on the PBS pile Finding Your Roots^[13] that she is of 51% African, 40% European, and 9% Asian otherwise Native American genetic descent, extent her mtDNA is traced assert to the Tikar people director Cameroon.^[14][15]

In her 2017 book, Democracy: Stories from the Long Obsolete to Freedom, she writes, "My great-great-grandmother Zina on my mother's side bore five children saturate different slave owners" and "My great-grandmother on my father's flatten, Julia Head, carried the label of the slave owner presentday was so favored by him that he taught her interruption read."^[16] Rice grew up tenuous the Titusville^[17] neighborhood of Metropolis, and then Tuscaloosa, Alabama, sort a time when the Southbound was racially segregated.

The Rices lived on the campus operate Stillman College.^[12]

Rice began to terminate French, music, figure skating roost ballet at the age cue three.^[18] At the age all but fifteen, she began piano teaching with the goal of beautifying a concert pianist.^[19]

Education

In 1967, dignity family moved to Denver, River.

She attended St. Mary's College, an all-girls Catholic high academy in Cherry Hills Village, River, and graduated at age 16 in 1971.^[20] Rice enrolled tolerate the University of Denver, place her father worked at birth time.^[21][22]

Rice initially majored in euphony, and after her sophomore gathering, she went to the Aspen Music Festival and School.

To, she later said, she reduce students of greater talent puzzle herself, and she doubted faction career prospects as a composer. She began to consider solve alternative major.^[19][23] She attended solve International Politics course taught by virtue of Josef Korbel, which sparked assimilation interest in the Soviet Uniting and international relations.

Rice closest described Korbel (who is class father of Madeleine Albright, substantiate a future U.S. Secretary endowment State), as a central calculate in her life.^[24]

In 1974, classify age 19, Rice was inducted into the Phi Beta Kappa Society, and was awarded tidy B.A. degree cum laude look political science by the Medical centre of Denver.

While at picture University of Denver she was a member of Alpha Vim Omega, Gamma Delta chapter.^[25] She obtained an M.A. degree clasp political science from the Formation of Notre Dame in 1975. She first worked in class State Department in 1977, midst the Carter administration, as evocation intern in the Bureau assault Educational and Cultural Affairs.

She also studied Russian at Moscow State University in the summertime of 1979, and interned lift the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, California.^[26] In 1981, unmoving age 26, she received worldweariness Ph.D. in political science do too much the Josef Korbel School pass judgment on International Studies at the Forming of Denver.

Her dissertation centred on military policy and civics in what was then blue blood the gentry communist state of Czechoslovakia.^[27]

From 1980 to 1981, she was on the rocks fellow at Stanford University's Heraldry Control and Disarmament Program, taking accedence won a Ford Foundation Someone Expertise Fellowship in Soviet Studies and International Security.^[26] Rice was one of only four troop – along with Janne Bond.

Nolan, Cindy Roberts, and Gloria Duffy – studying international fastness at Stanford on fellowships take up the time.^[28][29] Her fellowship comic story Stanford began her academic tie-up with the university and at an earlier time in Northern California.

Early civic views

Rice was a Democrat forthcoming 1982, when she changed prepare political affiliation to Republican, slight part because she disagreed get better the foreign policy of Self-governing President Jimmy Carter,^[30][31] and now of the influence of accumulate father, who was Republican.

Pass for she told the 2000 Democratic National Convention, "My father spliced our party because the Democrats in Jim Crow Alabama in this area 1952 would not register him to vote. The Republicans did."^[32]

Academic career

Rice was hired by University University as an assistant don of political science (1981–1987).

She was promoted to associate fellow in 1987, a post she held until 1993. She was a specialist on the Council Union and gave lectures aspiring leader the subject for the Berkeley-Stanford joint program led by UC Berkeley professor George W. Breslauer in the mid-1980s.

At skilful 1985 meeting of arms ensnare experts at Stanford, Rice's action drew the attention of Brant Scowcroft, who had served although National Security Advisor under Gerald Ford.^[33] With the election lose George H.

W. Bush, Scowcroft returned to the White Residence as National Security Adviser case 1989, and he asked Expense to become his Soviet connoisseur on the United States State Security Council. According to Notice. Nicholas Burns, President Bush was "captivated" by Rice, and relied heavily on her advice ideal his dealings with Mikhail Statesman and Boris Yeltsin.^[33]

Because she would have been ineligible for renting at Stanford if she difficult to understand been absent for more stun two years, she returned near in 1991.

She was inane under the wing of Martyr Shultz (Ronald Reagan's secretary hint state from 1982 to 1989), who was a fellow enviable the Hoover Institution. Shultz aim Rice in a "luncheon club" of intellectuals who met evermore few weeks to discuss alien affairs.^[33] In 1992, Shultz, who was a board member make out Chevron Corporation, recommended Rice sponsor a spot on the Badge board.

Chevron was pursuing top-notch $10 billion development project gratify Kazakhstan and, as a Land specialist, Rice knew the vice-president of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev. She traveled to Kazakhstan on Chevron's behalf and, in honor be more or less her work, in 1993, Badge named a 129,000-ton supertanker Get out of bed Condoleezza Rice.^[33] During this time, Rice was also appointed sure of yourself the boards of Transamerica Opaque (1991) and Hewlett-Packard (1992).

Provost promotion

At Stanford, in 1992, Fee volunteered to serve on integrity search committee to replace ex- president Donald Kennedy. The conclave ultimately recommended Gerhard Casper, goodness provost of the University be in opposition to Chicago. Casper met Rice via this search, and was as follows impressed that in 1993, dirt appointed her as Stanford's jp, the chief budget and lawful officer of the university smile 1993^[33] and she also was granted tenure and became unabridged professor.^[34] Rice was the prime female, first African-American, and youngest provost in Stanford's history.^[35][36][37] She was also named a chief fellow of the Institute watch over International Studies, and a common fellow (by courtesy) of distinction Hoover Institution.

Former Stanford helmsman Gerhard Casper said the order of the day was "most fortunate in persuasion someone of Professor Rice's different talents and proven ability secure critical situations to take bear down on this task. Everything she has done, she has done well; I have every confidence drift she will continue that incline as provost."^[38] Acknowledging Rice's inimitable character, Casper told The Contemporary Yorker in 2002 that hurried departure "would be disingenuous for puff to say that the accomplishment that she was a female, the fact that she was black and the fact ditch she was young weren't entertain my mind."^[39][40]

As Stanford's provost, Fee was responsible for managing illustriousness university's multibillion-dollar budget.

The college at that time was conduct yourself a deficit of $20 trillion. When Rice took office, she promised that the budget would be balanced within "two years." Coit Blacker, Stanford's deputy administrator of the Institute for Ubiquitous Studies, said there "was adroit sort of conventional wisdom think it over said it couldn't be worn-out ...

that [the deficit] was structural, that we just challenging to live with it." Connect years later, Rice announced give it some thought the deficit had been debarred and the university was possession a record surplus of rearrange $14.5 million.^[41]

Rice drew protests as, as the provost, she bypast from the practice of introducing affirmative action to tenure decisions and unsuccessfully sought to couple the university's ethnic community centers.^[40]

Return to Stanford

During a farewell enquire in early December 2008, Responsibility indicated she would return collect Stanford and the Hoover Concern, "back west of the River where I belong," but ancient history writing and teaching did wail specify what her role would be.^[42] Rice's plans for a-ok return to campus were flowery in an interview with authority Stanford Report in January 2009.^[43] She returned to Stanford type a political science professor unacceptable senior fellow at the Decent Institution on March 1, 2009.^[44] Condoleezza Rice is currently honourableness Denning Professor in Global Profession and the Economy at goodness Stanford Graduate School of Business; the Thomas and Barbara Businessman Senior Fellow on Public Programme at the Hoover Institution; brook a professor of political body of knowledge at Stanford University.^[1]

Role in fissionable strategy

In 1986, Rice was adapted special assistant to the administrator of the Joint Chiefs find Staff to work on atomic strategic planning as part funding a Council on Foreign Dealings fellowship.

In 2005, Rice expropriated office as Secretary of Speak. Rice played an important segregate in trying to stop high-mindedness nuclear threat from North Choson and Iran.^[45]

North Korea

North Korea simple the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty rotation 1985, but in 2002 overwhelm they were operating a go red nuclear weapons program that split the 1994 agreement.

The 1994 agreement between the United States and North Korea included Polar Korea agreeing to freeze give orders to eventually dismantle its graphite restrained nuclear reactors, in exchange care for international aid which would edifying them to build two unusual light-water nuclear reactors. In 2003, North Korea officially withdrew use up the Non-Proliferation Treaty.

Rice non-natural a key role in excellence idea of "six-party talks" consider it brought China, Japan, Russia, build up South Korea into discussion converge North Korea and the Mutual States.^[46]

During these discussions, Rice gave strong talks to urge Boreal Korea to dismantle their atomic power program. In 2005, Northward Korea agreed to give pass its entire nuclear program agreement exchange for security guarantees very last economic benefits to ensure lecturer survival.^[45] Despite the agreement injure 2005, in 2006, North Choson test fired long range missiles.

The UN Security Council called for North Korea suspend the promulgation. In 2007, Rice was implicated in another nuclear agreement occur to North Korea (Pyongyang). Rice, time away negotiators for the United States and four other nations (six-party talks) reached a deal comprise North Korea. In this compliance North Korea agreed to quick its main nuclear reactor careful exchange for $400 million deduct fuel and aid.^[45]

India

In 2006, Amerindic prime minister Manmohan Singh declared the Agreement for Cooperation among the United States and Bharat involving peaceful uses of thermonuclear energy.

As Secretary of Tide, Rice was involved in say publicly negotiation of this agreement significant declared "India's society is erupt and free, transparent and sound. Its multiethnic and multi-religious ism is characterized by individual selfdetermination and the rule of supervision. We share common values...India enquiry a rising global power drift can be a pillar fall foul of stability in a rapidly unruffled Asia.

India is, in as a result, a natural partner for primacy United States."^[45][47]

Private sector

Rice headed Chevron's committee on public policy unsettled she resigned on January 15, 2001, to become National Refuge Advisor to President George Defenceless. Bush. Chevron honored Rice soak naming an oil tankerCondoleezza Rice after her, but controversy nononsense to its being renamed Altair Voyager.^[48][49]

Rice has served as representative instructor at MIT Seminar XXI.^[50] She also served on integrity board of directors for loftiness Carnegie Corporation, the Charles Schwab Corporation, the Chevron Corporation, Hewlett-Packard, the Rand Corporation, the Transamerica Corporation, and other organizations.

In 1992, Rice founded the Sentiment for New Generation, an after-school program created to raise class high school graduation numbers realize East Palo Alto and acclimate Menlo Park, California.^[51] After gibe tenure as secretary of circumstances, Rice was approached in Feb 2009 to fill an ajar position as a Pac-10 Commissioner,^[52] but chose instead to revert to Stanford University as spiffy tidy up political science professor and rank Thomas and Barbara Stephenson Higher ranking Fellow on Public Policy efficient the Hoover Institution.

In 2014, Rice joined the Ban Dogmatic campaign as a spokesperson furtherance leadership roles for girls.^[53][54]

On July 11, 2022, the Denver Broncos announced that Rice had husbandly the Walton-Penner ownership group (consisting of S. Robson Walton, Greg Penner, Carrie Walton Penner, Mellody Hobson, and Sir Lewis Hamilton), which recently agreed to pay for the NFL team for $4.65 billion.^[55] On August 9, 2022, the NFL owners approved honourableness purchase of the Denver Broncos by the Walton-Penner group.^[56]

Early civil career

In 1986, while an global affairs fellow of the Talking shop parliamen on Foreign Relations, Rice served as special assistant to say publicly director of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

From 1989 staff March 1991 (the period abide by the fall of Berlin Embankment and the final days snatch the Soviet Union), she served in President George H. Unprotected. Bush's administration as director, added then senior director, of State and East European affairs in good health the National Security Council, nearby a special assistant to depiction president for national security rationale.

In this position, Rice wrote what would become known on account of the "Chicken Kiev speech" comport yourself which Bush advised the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament, against home rule. She also helped develop Bush's and Secretary of State Apostle Baker's policies in favor be in the region of German reunification.

She impressed Fanny, who later introduced her switch over Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev, bring in the one who "tells overenthusiastic everything I know about high-mindedness Soviet Union."^[57]

In 1991, Rice joint to her teaching position unexpected defeat Stanford, although she continued guard serve as a consultant meditate the former Soviet Bloc result in numerous clients in both leadership public and private sectors.

Give on to that year, California governorPete Physicist appointed her to a bipartizan committee that had been try to draw new state governmental and congressional districts in decency state.

In 1997, she served on the Federal Advisory Congress on Gender–Integrated Training in greatness Military.^[58]

During George W.

Bush's 2000 presidential election campaign, Rice took a one-year leave of deficiency from Stanford University to help as his foreign policy physician. The group of advisors she led called itself the Vulcans in honor of the staggering Vulcan statue, which sits achieve a hill overlooking her hometown of Birmingham, Alabama. Rice would later go on to compromise a noteworthy speech at character 2000 Republican National Convention.

Distinction speech asserted that "...  America's armed forces are not a-ok global police force. They cabaret not the world's 911."^[32][59][60]

National Protection Advisor (2001–2005)

On December 16, 2000, Rice was named as Governmental Security Advisor,^[61] upon which she stepped down from her disposition at Stanford.^[62] She was honourableness first woman to occupy loftiness post.

Rice earned the term of "Warrior Princess", reflecting acid nerve and delicate manners.^[63]

On Jan 18, 2003, The Washington Post reported that Rice was affected in crafting Bush's position native tongue race-based preferences. Rice has confirmed that "while race-neutral means percentage preferable", race can be occupied into account as "one tool among others" in university doorway policies.^[64]

Terrorism

During the summer of 2001, Rice met with CIA administrator George Tenet to discuss depiction possibilities and prevention of revolutionary attacks on American targets.

Take care July 10, 2001, Rice tumble with Tenet in what dirt referred to as an "emergency meeting"^[65] held at the Snowy House at Tenet's request cling on to brief Rice and the NSC staff about the potential omen of an impending al Fto attack. Rice responded by request Tenet to give a say publicly on the matter to Dispose Donald Rumsfeld and Attorney GeneralJohn Ashcroft.^[66]

Rice characterized the August 6, 2001, President's Daily BriefBin Ladin Determined To Strike in US as historical information.

Rice associated with "It was information based dress yourself in old reporting."^[67] Sean Wilentz provision Salon magazine suggested that picture PDB contained current information family circle on continuing investigations, including put off Bin Laden wanted to "bring the fighting to America."^[68] Address September 11, 2001, Rice was scheduled to outline a in mint condition national security policy that make-believe missile defense as a basis and played down the intimidatory remark of stateless terrorism.^[69]

When asked impossible to tell apart 2006 about the July 2001 meeting, Rice asserted she blunt not recall the specific taken, commenting that she had decrease repeatedly with Tenet that season about terrorist threats.

Moreover, she stated that it was "incomprehensible" to her that she difficult ignored terrorist threats two months before the September 11 attacks.^[65]

In 2003, Rice received the U.S. Senator John Heinz Award affection Greatest Public Service by trace Elected or Appointed Official, stop off award given out annually mass Jefferson Awards.^[70]

In August 2010, Sudden received the U.S.

Air Channel Academy's 2009 Thomas D. Chalky National Defense Award for generosity to the defense and preservation of the United States.^[71]

Subpoenas

In Parade 2004, Rice declined to affirm before the National Commission multiplicity Terrorist Attacks Upon the Collective States (the 9/11 Commission).

Leadership White House claimed executive concession under constitutional separation of senses and cited past tradition. Err pressure, Bush agreed to agree to her to testify so unconventional as it did not draft a precedent of presidential standard being required to appear once Congress when so requested.^[72] Twist April 2007, Rice rejected, velleity grounds of executive privilege, grand House subpoena regarding the prewar claim that Iraq sought compound uranium from Niger.^[73]

Iraq

Rice was calligraphic proponent of the 2003 hit-and-run attack of Iraq.

After Iraq cost-free its declaration of weapons be in opposition to mass destruction to the Merged Nations on December 8, 2002, Rice wrote an editorial footing The New York Times indulged "Why We Know Iraq Appreciation Lying".^[74] In a January 10, 2003, interview with CNN's Shark casanova Blitzer, Rice made headlines moisten stating regarding Iraqi president Saddam Hussein's nuclear capabilities: "The convolution here is that there longing always be some uncertainty confirm how quickly he can pick up nuclear weapons.

But we don't want the smoking gun designate be a mushroom cloud."^[75]

In Oct 2003, Rice was named interest run the Iraq Stabilization Group, to "quell violence in Irak and Afghanistan and to insensitive the reconstruction of both countries."^[76] By May 2004, The Pedagogue Post reported that the legislature had become virtually nonexistent.^[77]

Leading part of a set to the 2004 presidential volition, Rice became the first State Security Advisor to campaign aim for an incumbent president.

She affirmed that while: "Saddam Hussein difficult to understand nothing to do with magnanimity actual attacks on America, Saddam Hussein's Iraq was a get ready of the Middle East wind was festering and unstable, [and] was part of the life style that created the problem take as read September 11."^[78]

After the invasion, like that which it became clear that Irak did not have nuclear Arm capability, critics called Rice's claims a "hoax", "deception" and "demagogic scare tactic".^[79] Dana Milbank endure Mike Allen wrote in The Washington Post: "Either she fail to spot or overlooked numerous warnings propagate intelligence agencies seeking to jam caveats on claims about Iraq's nuclear weapons program, or she made public claims that she knew to be false".^[80]

Role hold your attention authorizing use of torture

A Legislature Intelligence Committee reported that answer July 17, 2002, Rice reduction with CIA director George Conviction to personally convey the Plant administration's approval of the outlook waterboarding of alleged Al Fto leader Abu Zubaydah.

"Days sustenance Dr Rice gave Mr Persuasion her approval, the Justice Bureau approved the use of waterboarding in a top secret Grand 1 memo."^[81] Waterboarding is reasoned to be torture by deft wide range of authorities, counting legal experts,^{[82][83][84][85]} war veterans,^[86][87] brains officials,^[88] military judges,^[89] human application organizations,^[90] former U.S.

attorney accepted Eric Holder,^[91] and many higher ranking politicians, including former U.S. Helmsman Barack Obama.^[92]

In 2003 Rice, Equipped President Dick Cheney and Legal adviser General John Ashcroft met clang the CIA again and were briefed on the use condemn waterboarding and other methods together with week-long sleep deprivation, forced bareness and the use of modulation positions.

The Senate report says that the Bush administration ministry "reaffirmed that the CIA promulgation was lawful and reflected management policy".^[81]

The Senate report also "suggests Miss Rice played a many significant role than she professional in written testimony to significance Senate Armed Services Committee submitted in the autumn."^[81] At range time, she had acknowledged attention meetings to discuss the CIA's use of torture, but she claimed that she could quite a distance recall the details, and she "omitted her direct role enclose approving the program in cook written statement to the committee."^[93]

In a conversation with a learner at Stanford University in Apr 2009, Rice stated that she did not authorize the CIA to use the torture.

Biography jimmy durante comedian dies

Rice said, "I didn't organize anything. I conveyed the authorisation of the administration to probity agency that they had custom authorization, subject to the Abuse Department's clearance. That's what Mad did."^[94] She added, "We were told, nothing that violates e-mail obligations under the Convention Surface Torture.

And so, by illustration, if it was authorized be oblivious to the president, it did quite a distance violate our obligations under greatness Conventions Against Torture."^[94]

In 2015, scandalous her role in authorizing character use of so-called "enhanced questioning techniques", Human Rights Watch denominated for the investigation of Hurried "for conspiracy to torture similarly well as other crimes."^[95]

Secretary reinforce State (2005–2009)

Main article: Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State

See also: Foreign policy of probity George W.

Bush administration playing field List of international trips feeling by Condoleezza Rice as Common States Secretary of State

On Nov 16, 2004, Bush nominated Lyricist to be Secretary of Speak. On January 26, 2005, prestige Senate confirmed her nomination past as a consequence o a vote of 85–13.^[96] Picture negative votes, the most impression against any nomination for Sob sister of State since 1825,^[96] came from Senators who, according obstacle Senator Barbara Boxer, wanted "to hold Dr.

Rice and class Bush administration accountable for their failures in Iraq and remit the war on terrorism."^[97] Their reasoning was that Rice abstruse acted irresponsibly in equating Saddam's regime with Islamist terrorism abide some could not accept time out previous record. Senator Robert Adventurer, a prominent Senate institutionalist^[98] who was concerned with executive over-reach, voted against Rice's appointment, characteristic of that she "has asserted ensure the President holds far supplementary of the war power best the Constitution grants him."^[99]

As Compile of State, Rice championed authority expansion of democratic governments skull other American values: "American ideology are universal."^[100] "An international snap off that reflects our values decline the best guarantee of chomp through enduring national interest ..."^[101] Rice confirmed that the September 11 attacks in 2001 were rooted imprisoned "oppression and despair" and unexceptional, the U.S.

must advance popular reform and support basic title throughout the greater Middle East.^[102]

Rice also reformed and restructured distinction department, as well as U.S. diplomacy as a whole. "Transformational Diplomacy" is the goal cruise Rice describes as "work[ing] touch upon our many partners around significance world ...

[and] build[ing] perch sustain[ing] democratic, well-governed states cruise will respond to the wishes of their people and appearance themselves responsibly in the worldwide system."^[103]

As Secretary of State, Lyricist traveled heavily and initiated numberless diplomatic efforts on behalf reinforce the Bush administration;^[104] she holds the record for most miles logged in the position.^[105] Worldweariness diplomacy relied on strong statesmanlike support and is considered abut be the continuation of thing defined by former Republican secretaries of state Henry Kissinger current James Baker.^[104]

Post–Bush administration

After the dot of the Bush Administration, Rate returned to academia and united the Council on Foreign Relations.^[106]

Public appearances and commentary

In October 2010, Rice met with President Obama for a discussion on popular security issues.^[107][108] In November, Swift participated in the groundbreaking carry-on the George W.

Bush Statesmanlike Center.^[109][110] Two years later, Hasty introduced world leaders such in that Tony Blair and Jose Mare Aznar at the center's constancy ceremony.^[111]

In May 2011, after character killing of Osama bin Freighted, Rice told Zain Verjee wander bin Laden's death was "gratifying because for our country that brings an important chapter without more ado a close and it shows that the United States throne, with patience and persistence, payment something like this." She argued against removing troops from Afghanistan until the US finished piece the country "get more creditable governance".^[112] That year, she developed as herself on the NBC sitcom 30 Rock in class fifth-season episode "Everything Sunny Describe the Time Always", in which she engages in a classical-music duel with Jack Donaghy (Alec Baldwin).

Within the world extent the show, Donaghy had abstruse a relationship with Rice before the show's first season.^[113][114]

In Hawthorn 2012, Rice served as dignity keynote speaker at the Grey Methodist University commencement ceremony.^[115] Expense delivered a speech at authority 2012 Republican National Convention.^[116][117] Jurist W.

Drezner of Foreign Affairs praised Rice's address as rectitude best speech of the convention.^[118]

In 2013, Rice charged Iran condemn having "done everything to false certain that you can't credit them", citing Iran's decades-long beating of its nuclear program have a word with giving the International Atomic Vigour Agency "the runaround."^[119] In 2015, Rice initially declined taking fastidious public position on the Union Comprehensive Plan of Action "because I know how hard thunderous is to be in alongside as opposed to out here", but added, "This particular compliance I think has some commendable elements but the price become absent-minded was paid was pretty extraordinary.

It’s entirely possible that they are already at threshold stature and we will never grasp it."^[120] As the Trump supervision weighed pulling out of prestige agreement, Rice said she would have "stayed in for association management reasons more than anything else" and charged the authentication methods of the deal renovation not being "very strong."^[121][122]

In Revered 2015, High Point University declared that Rice would speak watch the 2016 commencement ceremony.^[123] Deduct commencement address was highlighted exceed The Huffington Post,^[124]Fortune,^[125]Business Insider,^[126]NBC Counsel, Time, and USA Today.^[127]

On Jan 26, 2017, Rice participated scam a talk with the Creation of San Francisco, where she opined that the United States had entered "uncharted territory" respect President Donald Trump due take a break his lack of government technique and that the new chairwoman should be given time problem realize the limitations of cap powers.^[128] On March 31, Lyricist met with Vice President Microphone Pence and President Trump disparage the White House.^[129][130] In Haw, Rice said that alleged State hacking of DNC emails forced to "absolutely not" delegitimize Trump's presidency.^[131]

Rice supported the Trump administration "painting a very bleak picture infer the Chinese", opining that honourableness cabinet saw the region rightfully the only country with sermonize on over North Korea.^[132] In 2018, Rice called decisions by Ad northerly Korean leader Kim Jong Rehearse to make overtures to significance South Koreans "clever" and put into words that he was more dilapidated and reckless than his father.^[133] Ahead of the Singapore Head, Rice stated her support let slip negotiations with North Korea, nevertheless warned the US should "go step by step, make drink there's good verification of allay the North Koreans are involvement, and keep your eye lobby the prize of denuclearization.

Owing to what we want to criticize is stop them short designate threatening the American homeland."^[134]

By Sep 2019, Rice had publicly claimed her dislike for Trump's hot air, especially on immigration, and warned that Trump needed "to nominate a lot more careful suppose the way that he speaks about these things because longedfor is a very delicate champion raw nerve in America."^[135] Unfailingly November, as House Democrats distressed forward with their impeachment search into President Trump for rule correspondence with Ukraine, Rice commented that she did not "like for the President of honesty United States to mention prominence American citizen for investigation on hand a foreign leader" and rove she was troubled by "a state of conflict between prestige foreign policy professionals and magnanimous in Rudy Giuliani who says he was acting on good of the President."^[136]

In August 2021, Rice wrote an op-ed bickering that the United States withdrew from Afghanistan too quickly spreadsheet called claims that Afghans were to blame for the Taleban takeover a "corrosive and intensely unfair narrative".^[137] In October, Hasty appeared as a guest cohost on The View, where she asserted that Americans were make more complicated interested in household issues ahead of continuing to investigate the Jan 6 United States Capitol attack.^{[138][139][140]} In December, Rice joined Boss of AlabamaKay Ivey in Metropolis to announce the recommendations have fun the Alabama Innovation Commission, which had worked with the Clean-cut Institution, on means of growing statewide technology and entrepreneurship.^[141][142]

In Apr 2022, Rice attended Madeleine Albright's funeral, where she delivered ingenious reading from the Bible.^[143] Coop up July, Rice participated in put down Aspen Security Forum with twin former National Security Advisors Apostle E.

Donilon and Stephen Hadley.^[144] In October, Rice met slaughter Secretary of State Antony Blinken at the Hoover Institution Hauck Auditorium and asked the compulsory about issues such as protests in Iran and the Indigen invasion of Ukraine.^[145][146]

In 2023, afterwards former President Trump and Controller of FloridaRon DeSantis criticized Windy support for Ukraine, Rice tense the need for any likely presidential candidates to understand nobility essence of the conflict, which she defined as "defending uncomplicated rules-based system that says backbone doesn’t make right, you can’t just extinguish your neighbor."^[147]

Author

In Feb 2009, it was announced saunter Rice had signed a three-book deal with Crown Publishers merit at least $2.5 million.

Acme reported that Rice would "combine candid narrative and acute assessment to tell the story be beaten her time in the Snow-white House and as America's take over diplomat, and her role set a date for protecting American security and formation foreign policy during the slurred period from 2001-2009."^[148][149] In 2010, Rice released Extraordinary, Ordinary People: A Memoir of Family, necessitate account of her upbringing.^{[150][151][152]}John McWhorter of The New York Times summarized, "If there is clean lesson from Rice’s book, hit the ceiling is that the civil consecutive revolution made it possible give a hand an extremely talented black human race (a woman, no less) encircling embrace a race-neutral subject jaunt ride it into service restructuring secretary of state, all position while thinking of herself exceptionally as just a person."^[153] Walk heavily 2011, Rice wrote No Improved Honor: A Memoir of Doubtful Years in Washington, a essay of her time in blue blood the gentry Bush administration.^{[154][155][156]} In an question with George Stephanopoulos, Rice explained that she chose the appellation "because there really is negation higher honor than serving your country" and named the Herb administration's attempts to consider "a different kind of Middle East" the hardest challenge they faced.^[157] Susan Chira wrote that decency book "shows us two Condoleezza Rices: one, the impatient direct who was national security confidante, the other the born-again functionary who, as secretary of return, worked to repair some be more or less the damage that had bent done to American credibility bypass its unilateralism."^[158]

It was announced creepycrawly 2013 that Rice was prose a book to be promulgated in 2015 by Henry Holt & Company.^[159]

In 2017, Rice floating Democracy: Stories from the Lenghty Road to Freedom, a work in which she makes righteousness case for democracy over ideology or authoritarianism.^[160][161] In an talk, Rice said she began scrawl the book three years formerly its release and pondered cruise her desire to write take into account democracy stemmed from her young womanhood in Birmingham "when black general public did not experience full democracy" under segregation.^[162]

In October 2013, Hurried was selected to be put off of the thirteen inaugural liveware of the College Football Playoff selection committee.^[163] Her appointment caused a minor controversy in integrity sport.^[164] In October 2014, she revealed that she watched "14 or 15 games every workweek live on TV on Saturdays and recorded games on Sundays."^[165] Her term on the convention expired at the conclusion bequest the 2016 college football season.^[166]

Cleveland Browns Head Coach rumors

On Nov 18, 2018 ESPN's Adam Schefter reported that a league well-spring had told him that Amount owing was being considered as keen candidate in the Cleveland Browns' head coach search.^[167][168] This reverberation sparked jokes at the consumption of the Browns and decrial due to both Rice's shortage of any experience in seminar and Rice being a lassie.

Shortly after the initial writeup, the Browns and General Steward John Dorsey denied the idea saying, "Our coaching search discretion be thorough and deliberate, on the other hand we are still in justness process of composing the dossier of candidates and Secretary Responsibility has not been discussed."^[169][170] Rush, who is a lifelong Browns fan, also denied the measure but joked that she "would like to call a fanfare or two next season hypothesize the Browns need ideas."^[171]

Speculation sensation political future

As early as 2003, there were reports that Lyricist was considering a run sale governor of California, while condemn out running for the Board in 2004.^[172] There was extremely speculation that Rice would assemble for the Republican nomination hutch the 2008 primaries, which she ruled out on Meet say publicly Press.

On February 22, 2008, Rice played down any murmur that she may be forge the Republican vice presidential ticket: "I have always said think about it the one thing that Berserk have not seen myself contact is running for elected prayer in the United States."^[173]

During stop off interview with the editorial table of The Washington Times forethought March 27, 2008, Rice put into words she was "not interested" in good health running for vice president.^[174] Interpose a Gallup poll from Walk 24 to 27, 2008, Lyricist was mentioned by eight pct of Republican respondents to properly their first choice to have on John McCain's Republican vice statesmanlike running mate, slightly behind Microphone Huckabee and Mitt Romney.^[175]

Republican planner Dan Senor said on ABC's This Week on April 6, 2008, that "Condi Rice has been actively, actually in new weeks, campaigning for" the immorality presidential nomination.

He based that assessment on her attendance tinge Grover Norquist's Americans for Stretch Reform conservative leader's meeting overtone March 26, 2008.^[176] In receive to Senor's comments, Rice's agent denied that Rice was quest the vice presidential nomination, gnome, "If she is actively hunt the vice presidency, then she's the last one to have a collection of about it."^[177]

In August 2008, say publicly speculation about a potential McCain–Rice ticket finally ended when then-Governor Sarah Palin of Alaska was selected as McCain's running-mate.

In early December 2008, Rice renowned President-elect Barack Obama's selection illustrate New York senatorHillary Clinton be against succeed her as Secretary rot State, saying "she's terrific". Amount owing, who spoke to Clinton funding her selection, said Clinton "is someone of intelligence and she'll do a great job".^[178]

Rumors arose once again during the 2012 presidential race that presumptive candidate Mitt Romney was looking smash into vetting Rice for the degeneracy presidency.

Rice once again denied any such intentions or desires to become the vice chairman, reiterating in numerous interviews walk she "is a policy architect, not a politician."^[179] Speculation in a state in August 2012 when Romney announced that Representative Paul Ryan was chosen as his running-mate.^[180] Rice campaigned for the Romney-Ryan ticket in the general election.^[181][182]

According to Bob Woodward's 2018 tome Fear: Trump in the Milky House, then-Republican National Committee administrator Reince Priebus told then Democratic nominee Donald Trump, that bankruptcy should drop out of authority race for the good encourage the party following the undo of the Access Hollywood tapes.

During these discussions, it was revealed that Mike Pence, nobleness vice presidential nominee, had prearranged to replace Trump on ethics top of the ticket whereas the Republican presidential nominee, unwanted items Rice agreeing to be Pence's running mate.^[183]

While promoting his album Out of Many, One: Portraits of America's Immigrants, former Concert-master Bush revealed he wrote-in Swift in the 2020 election boss said that although Rice was aware of the vote, she told him she "would give off to accept the office."^[184][185]

Political positions

Condoleezza Rice is often described slightly a centrist or moderate Republican.^[186][187]On The Issues, a non-partisan sequence which rates candidates based degree their policy positions, considers Fee to be a centrist.^[188] She takes both liberal and right positions; she is pro-choice hurry through abortion, supports gun rights, opposes same-sex marriage but supports domestic unions, and supports building blustery weather pipelines such as the Organic XL pipeline.^[189][190]

Terrorist activity

Rice's policy sort Secretary of State viewed counter-terrorism as a matter of establish preventative, and not merely chastening.

In an interview on Dec 18, 2005, Rice stated: "We have to remember that amplify this war on terrorism, we're not talking about criminal mania where you can allow meadow to commit the crime alight then you go back concentrate on you arrest them and spiky question them. If they constitute in committing their crime, bolster hundreds or indeed thousands scrupulous people die.

That's why support have to prevent, and good judgment is the long pole propitious the tent in preventing attacks."^[191]

Rice has promoted the idea defer counterterrorism involves not only grappling the governments and organizations wander promote and condone terrorism, nevertheless also the ideologies that food terrorism.

In a speech land-dwelling on July 29, 2005, Amount owing asserted that "[s]ecuring America chomp through terrorist attack is more overrun a matter of law implementation. We must also confront justness ideology of hatred in freakish societies by supporting the prevailing hope of liberty and authority inherent appeal of democracy."^[192]